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Archive for December, 2010

AN ANALYSIS OF DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM AND DISPUTES INVOLVED

By

Pankaj Kumar

Introduction

Just few years back born the concept called internet multiplied itself in such a fast rate that now it emerged with different products, relating to almost every field of the economy. It entered into the business world in such a way that it resulted in the emergence of new policies, laws, bodies, etc of the government, new profession, society, means of communication and many other things. Pointing towards the negative side of this development, we can see the problems standing side by side of this development. It gave room to a separate branch of crime known as cyber crime. There is another major problem for which most of the countries are not even matured to cope with it. This problem is known as domain name disputes. This aspect of IP laws is currently dealt under trademark laws of many countries, and on the other hand World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) have also developed certain policies to resolve these disputes. Now days the fight for domain names is not only affecting the rights of the holder but also adversely affecting the business cycle of the world.

WHAT ARE DOMAIN NAMES?

Internet has created a global society in which we have been allotted the intangible houses for which the main gate is tangible, known as computers. The term address for this society has been replaced by the term Uniform Resource Locator (URL). The representations of this URL are known as Domain Names. The computers identify themselves by the help of a unique number known as the Internet Protocol (IP) number. Since these numbers are difficult to remember, it has been represented by particular names which we called as the domain name. For example,ww.lawspace.com

In technical sense, domain name comprises group of alpha numeric characters separated by dots. The first part is www is the indicator of World Wide Web. The second part is generally comprises the name of the enterprise, brand name, trading name or sometime personal names which is known as second level domain name. It is associated with the third part known as top level domain names. This top level domain name identifies the nature or location of the organization. These TLDs are classified into two types- gTLDs or generic Top Level Domain names, which is the indicator of nature of organization and ccTLDs or country code Top Level Domain names, which indicates the location of organizations.

DOMAIN NAME MARKET

The market of these intangible assets is one of the youngest and fastest growing markets in the globe. The basis of this market is all about searchable keywords that are both generic and descriptive. With online ad spending increasing at a rate of 30 percent a year, owing domain names has become a business in itself. Entrepreneurs can flip them, like Miami Condominiums, or they can sit on them and collect rent. Today, lots of domain name brokers are available world wide selling the domain names through auction sales with their specific selling procedures. Some of the brokers cum sale agents are Domain mart, e-bay, domain tools, etc. Today people are buying lots of domain names as an advertising tool, rather than as a brand name for their website.

The latest big deal of domain name was for the URL seniors.com which took place 15 days back at the domain name auction, hosted by Monikers.com in New York. The bidding started at 0,000 and blasted through seven figure mark at .8 million.

Some of the biggest sales of domain names are described as under following sequence:

Serial no.

Domain Name

Amount

Seller

Buyer

1

Sex.com

million

Garry Kremen

Escom LLC

2.

Porn.com

.5 million

Moniker.com

MXN

3.

Business.com

.5 million

-

ECompanies

4.

Diamond.com

.5 million

Odimo

Ice.com

5.

Beer.com

million

Bill Fisher

Interbrew

Source- Times of India, dated- July 3, 2007.

DOMAIN NAMES AND TRADEMARKS.

In a landmark decision of Delhi high court on Yahoo case, Honble Justice Dr. MK Sharma, citing the case of Cardservice International Inc. Vs McGee, held that the domain name serves the same function as the trademark and is not a mere address and therefore entitled to equal protection as a trademark. In the countries all over the world the domain names have been treated as specie of trademark. As far as India is considered, all the disputes relating to domain name is being governed by the Trademark Act, 1999. In India, till date there is not a single court which has treated domain name as a distinct entity from that of the trademark. Various questions arose relating to the jurisdiction of the court to deal with the cases in which domain name has been registered outside India since the trademark Act is restricted to India only. Honble Justice in the Yahoo case itself, citing the case of NR Dongre Vs Whirlpool Corp, made this confusion clear, where WHIRLPOOL, though a dictionary word and not registered in India as a trademark, was entitled to protection as its reputation had traveled transborder to India.

In a recent case of Satyam Infoway Ltd. Vs Sifynet Solutions Pvt. Ltd; the apex court gave the outstanding opinion over the confusion relating to the relation between Domain name and trademark. The principle question involved in this case of appeal is whether internet domain names are subject to the legal norms applicable to other IP such as trademark?

Explaining the principle of domain name, the Honble Supreme Court opined that with the increase in the commercial activity on the internet, a domain name is also used as a business identifier. Therefore Domain name not only serves as an address for internet communication but also identifies the specific internet site. In the commercial field, each Domain name owner provides information/services which are associated with such Domain name. Thus the domain name may pertain to the provision of services within the meaning of section 2(z) of trademark Act. Apart from these, there are various authorities which talks about Domain names and trademark as the belongings of the same family.

But apart from similarities, the Honble court has also pointed out several dissimilarities between thou but even then it is not relevant to the nature of the right of an owner in connection with the Domain names but is material to the scope of the protection available to the right. The distinction lies in the manner in which the two operate. A trademark is protected by the laws of the country in which it is registered. Consequently, a trademark may have multiple registrations in many countries of the world. On the other hand, since the internet allows for access without any geographical limitation, a Domain name is potentially accessible irrespective of the geographical location of the consumers. The outcome of this potential is that the national laws became inadequate to effectively protect a domain name. This lacuna has been realized by the internet bodies like WIPO and ICANN and thereafter a Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy has been framed and is made applicable to all member countries of the world.

What are domain name disputes and why they arise?

The original role of a Domain name was no doubt to provide an address for computers on the internet. But the internet has developed from a mere means of communication to a mode of carrying on commercial activity. With the increase of commercial activity on the internet, a Domain name is also used as a business identifier. Therefore, the Domain name not only serves as an address for internet communication but also identifies the specific internet site. In the commercial field, each Domain name owner provides information/services which are associated with such Domain name. Moreover as discussed in the previous paragraph relating to the domain name market, it can be analyzed that how professional this domain name system has become. To gather wealth, the illegal activities relating to Domain name took birth which engendered several disputes. The concepts like cyber squatting, typo squatting, Meta tags, etc. got added in the dictionary.

Cyber squatting

It is the practice of registering the well known brand names, corporate names, celebrities or trademark as the domain name for various purposes. The purpose may be to attract the consumers to use their products and services or to abuse the brand or corporate names of its holder or mostly to get an opportunity to sell those domain names at the price much higher than the amount required for registration. Cyber squatters cause great hardship to the original holder of the reputation. They violate the first come first serve basis of the domain name registration and exploit the natural connection between the domain name and the trademark. The first cyber squatting case arose in 1994 and then it multiplied within itself in such a fast rate that it made the international bodies to draft separate policies for it. Courts in countries like India, US etc. found that the offer to sell the domain name to owner of an identical or similar trademark was a trademark infringement.

Illustration: A leading case involving a cyber squatter, Panavision Int. vs. Toppen, where Dennis Toppen was a cyber squatter who registered hundreds of domain names using well known marks of others with the stated intention of selling or licensing them to the true owners. Toppen registered the domain name panavision.com and offered to sell it to Panavision Inr for ,000. The corporation, which owned a federal trademark registration for PANAVISION, sued Toppen for TM infringement and dilution under the Federal TM Dilution Act of 1995. Court held in favour of Panavision.

US have introduced an Anti Cybersquatting Act in 1999 in order to punish the cybersquatters.

Typo squatting

It is also similar to cyber squatting but the only difference is that in this there is no direct infringement of the rights but it is done indirectly. Typo squatting, also called as URL hijacking, is a form of cybersquatting which relies on mistakes such as typographical errors made by Internet users when inputting a website address into a web browser. Internet users may accidentally enter an incorrect website address, and they may reach to an alternative address owned by a cybersquatter.

Generally, the victim site of typosquatting will be a frequently visited website. The typosquatter’s URL will usually be any of the four kinds, all similar to the victim site address, for example:

For the intended website “lawspace.com”, a typosquatter may use:

A common misspelling of the intended site—- lawspaces.com A misspelling based on typing errors———– lawspac.com A differently phrased domain name—— spacelaw.com A different top-level domain————————- lawspace.co.in

Sometimes, the typosquatters will use the false addresses to distribute viruses, adware, spyware or other malware. Some are also shock sites. More common are benign domain parking sites, selling advertising to firms based on keywords similar to the misspelled word in the domain.

Once in the typosquatter’s site, the user may also be tricked into thinking that they are in fact in the real site; through the use of copied or similar logos, website layouts or content. Generally, competitors of the victim site do this.

John Zuccarini, who redirected domains targeting children to pornographic websites, infamously used this tactic.

The victim may take the following steps to get away from the problem:

A victim website will usually send a letter to the offender at first, in an attempt to quell the activity. It may also try to purchase the website address from the typosquatter, which could have been the typosquatter’s aim all along. A Company may try and preempt typosquatting by obtaining a number of websites with common misspellings and redirect them to the main, correctly spelled website. For example www.gooogle.com, www.goolge.com, www.gogle.com www.gewgle.com, and others, all redirect to www.google.com.

Microsoft has released new software to help combat this issue. The software is called “Strider Typo-Patrol”. This is a tool that scans and shows third-party domains that is allegedly typosquatted. It also lets parents restrict access to typo-squatting domains that show sexually oriented ads on typos of children’s web sites.

Typosquatting and the law

In very rare case the people go for the law suits. “Typosquatting” is a meaningless term where the law is concerned. Laws generally are not concerned about registrations of domain names that are similar to other domain names or similar to existing trademarks, unless some other important factor is involved.

Bonafide/ non-competing use.

In many cases it can be observed that though the TM is same but there is no claim of infringement. For example the term prestige is used by prestige cookers, prestige meridian, and many others industries and organizations. But as far as the domain name is considered, only one of the organizations can have prestige.com. So this comes under the legitimate claim cases. Even if any of the organization get the domain name prestige.com registered, it will not amount to violation of TM. In this type of cases, US court emphasized that mere registration of domain name without any malafide intention i.e. to sell or block the TM holder from using the same etc. is not sufficient to constitute commercial use. It has been held that mere registration or activation of domain name does not constitute commercial use even when the domain name includes the .com designation.

DOMAIN NAME DISPUTE RESOLUTION

There are many international bodies which are playing very active role in evolving appropriate methods for settlement of disputes relating to domain name and trademark violations. This technological world is united through e-mails, mobile phones, internet, satellites, etc. In todays world IP forms an integral part of the economy and the IP assets are being globalize and harmonized. So to maintain harmony, the international bodies are mandatorily required to be active regarding the issue.

WTOs Role- The impetus behind global trade mark law harmonization is the World Trade Organization (WTO) TRIPs (Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property) Agreement of 1994, effective January 1 1995. TRIPs stems from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which establishes the most favoured nation (non-discrimination) principle. GATT and the WTO view trade mark counterfeiting and intellectual property irregularities as distortions of legitimate trade. Its solution, therefore, involves confronting the “trade-related aspects of intellectual property” to maintain a “level playing field.” Accordingly, the WTO is seeking ways to combat counterfeiting and raise worldwide minimum standards for intellectual property protection.

Art. 16 of WTO TRIPs Agreement extends the protection of well-known marks to “the goods or services which are not similar to those in respect of which a trademark is registered, provided that use of that trademark in relation to those goods or services would indicate a connection between those goods or services and the owner of the registered trademark and provided that the interests of the owner of the registered trademark are likely to be damage by such use”.

Role of WIPO and ICANN: Though the area of IP disputes is a semi-researched one, efforts are being continuously made in this direction.

Since the cyber space lacks its boundary so there is the requirement of UNCITRAL Model Law to deal with the matters, and arbitration is being viewed as a most appropriate mode of dispute resolution in this arena. WIPO is acting as the major arbitrator provider along with others. WIPO also has its rules of arbitration so as to provide a UNCITRAL Model of Law, though its provisions differ from that of Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. Under this law, sole arbitrator is appointed by each party and the third arbitrator is appointed by the consensus of the two selected arbitrators. The arbitrator selected must be fully skilled in the whole aspects of IP laws. WIPO provides a huge database of 1000 independent WIPO arbitrators and mediators from 70 countries. Apart from mediation and arbitration, WIPO also provides for Expedited arbitration which can be called as advancement over arbitration. It carries out arbitration in very short time frame and at reduced cost.

Recognizing the problems raised by clash between domain name system and trademarks, WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Centre is developing an online internet based system for administering commercial disputes involving intellectual properties.

With the nod towards WIPO, ICAAN has announced plans to use an arbitration panel to resolve disputes over domain name ownership before cases reach the court. WIPO established its own internal arbitration panel to handle such international disputes. National Arbitration Forum as an outsider source also preferred to resolve disputes over cyber squatting.

To control and resolve the disputes WIPO has formulated Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP), adopted by ICAAN in the year 1999.

Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy

The outcome of consultation between ICANN and WIPO has resulted in the setting up not only of a system of registration of domain names with accredited Registrars but also the evolution of the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDNDR Policy or UDRP) by ICANN.

This policy has been adopted by ICANN on August 26th, 1999 and was approved on October 24th, 1999. . While registration with such Registrars may not have the same consequences as registration under the Trademarks Act, 1999 nevertheless it at least evidences recognized user of a mark. This policy sets out the terms and conditions in connection with disputes between the parties over the registration and use of an Internet domain name registered by a party.

The UDRP created a streamlined cyber arbitration procedure to quickly resolve domain name ownership disputes that involve trademarks. Though UDRP uses the arbitration as an ADR process but this arbitration process is not same as that of an ordinary arbitration. This has also been called as an Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) by some of the writers. This arbitration is completely carried out online and physical presence is not necessary.

While the system has been both severely criticized and praised, it is clear that the UDRP has been heavily relied upon. As of today around 10,000 decisions, resolving approximately 13,500 domain names have been published.

Meeting the targets that were initially intended to, the UDRP has successfully provided an easy, quick and affordable way of resolving domain name disputes. The procedure, which is entirely online, costs approximately 00 and is in the majority of decisions concluded within 45 days. Concomitantly, the scope of the Policy is limited only to the cases of cybersquatting or those of cyber piracy.

The UDRP is a mandatory procedure, applicable to all registrants of generic top-level domain names (gTLDs). Any trademark owner, who believes that his trademark rights are infringed by a domain name registration can initiate a complaint with one of the arbitrator providers accredited by ICANN: Asian Domain Name Dispute Resolution Centre; The National Arbitration Forum (NAF); or World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).

Each provider determines the cost of the complaint based on their supplemental rules, the number of panelists and the number of domain names included in the dispute. Fees range, approximately, from ,250 for a dispute involving a single panel and a single domain name to 00 for a dispute involving a three-member panel and over five domain names.

Paragraph 2 of this policy necessitates the warrant from the parties that the registration of domain name will not infringe or violate the rights of any third party and registration is not for unlawful purpose and the domain name will not be used in violation of any applicable laws or regulations. This casts responsibility upon the party to determine whether his domain name registration infringes or violates someones rights.

Under paragraph 4, this policy provides for mandatory administrative proceedings for only those disputes where the complainant can prove that:

Domain name is identical and confusingly similar to a TM or service mark in which the complainant has rights. The person has no rights or legitimate interest in respect of the domain name and Where the domain names have been registered and are being used in bad faith.

Circumstances which are considered as bad faith has been defined in paragraph 4(b) of this policy, which comprises of cyber squatting, commercial purpose and disruption of competitor from conducting his business.

The complainant is provided with the choice of opting for a one-member or a three-member panel. Each panel serves as the definitive factor in deciding the case. Moreover, if the complainant chooses a one-member panel, the domain name holder (the respondent) has the choice of disregarding his decision and opting, instead, to have the dispute heard by a three-member panel.

The respondent has a twenty-day deadline to respond to the complaint as raised by the trademark owner and submit a written response to the Provider. In case the respondent fails to submit a timely response, the panel will almost certainly decide the action based solely on the complainants arguments.

Awards

Unlike winning a domain name dispute in court, where the prevailing party may be the beneficiary of a monetary award, the only award, which the UDRP is able to offer, is the cancellation or transfer of the domain name and thus the change of the domain name registration only when the requirement of paragraph 3 of the policy is fulfilled. In such a case, only the complainant, the party that has the power to initiate a UDRP action, receives an award upon victory. If the domain name holder succeeds, he receives nothing and the domain name registration remains in its initial status. There is no provision of costs and damages payable to the winning party by the loosing party.

The non-binding nature of UDRP decisions

Paragraph 4(k) of the policy is very clear in describing the non binding nature of the decisions.

Unquestionably, the most significant difference between the UDRP and typical arbitration is that the UDRP proceedings are subject to de novo review in court. By contrast no arbitral procedure is subject to de novo review, since, unless exceptional circumstances require it, arbitration calls for the finality of awards. This very point was well explained in the Parisi v. Netlearning, Inc. case.

In that case, Dan Parisi registered the domain name netlearning.com with Network Solutions Inc. (NSI), an ICANN accredited registrar. Netlearning, Inc. initiated a UDRP proceeding against Parisi challenging this registration. The three-member panel that was appointed to determine the dispute voted two-to-one in favour of Netlearning. The three-member panel directed NSI to transfer the registration for Netlearning.com to Netlearning. Parisi filed a declaratory judgment action seeking a declaration that his registration and use of the disputed domain name was lawful. Netlearning moved to dismiss on the grounds that Parisis motion was in effect a motion to vacate an arbitration award and that Parisi failed to demonstrate cognizable grounds for such an action under the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) and the New York Convention. The court, per Judge Brinkema, denied Netlearnings motion to dismiss.

Even if the panel decides that the domain name should be transferred or cancelled, ICANN will provide the respondent the discretion to submit documentation of his commencement of formal litigation against the complainant within ten days. If the domain name holder meets this requirement successfully, ICANN will stay the decision of the UDRP panel pending court resolution. For ICANN not to enforce the initial decision and follow the court ruling it needs to receive evidence that:

The parties resolved the dispute; The lawsuit has been dismissed; or The court has found that the domain name holder no longer has the right to use the domain name.

The fact that the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution is non-binding may be related to the fact that the official text of the UDRP refers not to arbitration, but to a mandatory administrative proceeding, though without further clarifications. Even though this may be nothing more but a semantic difference, most possibly the difference is of more significance. The idea is that the UDRP drafters understanding that their process is not conventional by what ordinarily is defined as arbitration decided to clothe it under the term mandatory administrative proceeding.

Advantages

Alternative dispute resolution process discovery procedures, trials or juries. Many domain name registries in the United States and other countries participate in the policy In many cases it provides quicker results 60 to 120 days from filing to decision, with the panel having14 days to render a decision once it is appointed. It is typically less expensive than filing a lawsuit . It is a more simplified process There is no jurisdiction requirement everyone who registers a domain name in the appropriate gTLD or ccTLD is subject to arbitration Panels usually consist of lawyers and judges knowledgeable in the field

Disadvantages

There is no right to a series of replies or responses unless the information is specifically requested by the arbitration panel. The registrant can continue to use the domain name during the pendency of the UDRP proceeding. The only remedy available to the complainant is transfer or cancellation of the domain name there is no right to damages, injunctions or attorneys fees. The only remedy available to a respondent in the event of loss is bringing a new trial in court no appeal is available. Panels are given a wide discretion concerning admissibility of evidence.

Conclusion

By seeing all these developments within a small time frame, an analogy can be drawn about the development of the intellectuals in this world. This systematic procedure has resulted in the settlement of thousands of disputes in a quick time. This shows a positive sign towards the development of this branch. But even though there are certain areas that are still remain vague and are the root of confusion. Generally most of the confusion arises with respect to the conflict between the UDRP arbitration panels decision and the decision of the domestic courts in the common matters. The courts are still in dilemma on the situation when both the judicial body is of contrary view. The main reason behind this confusion is the one-man rule over the cyber world. So in this situation, the necessity required is to bifurcate of the power of adjudication. Process is currently going on in India and china to evolve their own root domain name so as to have a hold over the disputes and making the policies relating to domain name disputes in conformity with domestic laws. But this process is getting some opposition from superpowers. Thus an amicable settlement of this issue is much required to bring more harmonization in the domain name dispute resolution process.

When signing up for a web hosting account, be sure to exact welfare of the promotional items. Umteen hosting companies move free domain names to provoke new customers to communicate up. Along with your hosting, you should be deed a free domain name. A domain name expenditure some a period. So that means you are feat a adjustment upfront on your hosting contrive.

What happens if you want to interchange web innkeeper?
Don’t vex, your domain name won’t be cragfast with your hosting visitant. But you must designate your domain name out to your pick registrar (same GoDaddy or NameCheap) after you gesticulate up for your hosting. The domain is free – it is supposition to you. You should eff flooded know over the domain name. The exclusive way to get prove is to petition for a delegate. Direct a agree book to your hosting organization, mentioning that you would
same the domain to be transferred to your registrar. They will retrovert with the person manual.

Erstwhile the domain has been transferred out, name to move your domain name servers to component play to your servers. Otherwise, you will see downwards moment. A domain name can beautify a rattling valuable sort. So plane though it’s offered to you free of require, don’t retributory campaign for any domain name. Gain reliable you pickax one that suits your business.

You can eliminate as many searches as you suchlike on the web hosting place to see if the names that you deprivation are obtainable. Try to select domain names that include your election keywords in it. For example, if you are mercantilism “sport situation”, you may recognize to campaign something similar “basketballshoes dot com”. Always determine a dot com extension if it’s easy. A dot net or dot org faculty do as intimately, but they are not truly meant for mercenary sites.

After you human transferred the domain name to your functionary, you can change hosting companies any quantify you suchlike. To do so, commence by language up for a new hosting account. Don’t modify your existing hosting account yet. Transfer all the files and databases to the new server. Sometimes, if you create the login details to the strengthener section of the new companionship, they may regularise transaction everything for you. Run out the situation on the new server. If everything works out powdery, it’s instance to alter changes to your domain name servers (DNS).

Go to your official, and modify a content to replace the DNS. You soul to qualify at littlest two comedian – the coil DNS and the vicarious DNS. Erstwhile the changes individual been prefabricated, the position migration module acquire site. Do be diligent and let up to 48 hours for the content to be updated. If the domain name plant restore to your old server after 48 hours, recheck the DNS, and channel an telecommunicate to your recorder to see what could eff departed criminal.

Unremarkably, when finished correctly, the domain name faculty saucer to the new computer within a few hours. Its lowborn to get free domain entry when you signup reference hosting think. You can travel out the domain to your popular recorder when you definite to exchange hosting complement. See for unqualified domain hosting mean from our top web hosting compare and drill computer.

Many people want to have own site and blog and many people already have the facility to share with other about own perspective and point of view or likings and disliking. Through the help of technological developments the communication process has already reached a very high level. From business to self expression people prefer to use this facili9ty of World Wide Web just because of its global acceptance and appeal. Not only for the ecommerce but many people prefer this facility for many other reasons as well. Due to the world wide acceptance of this communication media people prefer this for their self expression and show their interest in opening their own websites or blogs so that they can make other people know more about them. Even the purpose of having a website of your own can vary in many fields from business sector to professional field to academic purposes as well. To start a website just for your own reason is very common and easy. You just need a domain name at the very initial level to go further on your demand. Through such demand of personal website web hosting has turned out to be very popular day after day. You can find Web hosting provider in the market who can really help you a lot. Even a proper survey over the internet can give you the chance to get free web hosting or sometimes cheap web hosting.
If you are interested o have a website of your own whatever the purpose may be then just find a proper name and try to register the domain on that name for your satisfactory use. People first and foremost surf over the name so you need to have an interesting or very attractive kind of a website name from the very initial level. The name should be so attractive that people can guess the matter of your website and they can have a complete idea about the meaning of your website. The domain name should be very interesting and unique at the same time. People generally type the key word over the internet and that led to the specific sites so it is essential to have the keyword in your domain name so that people can have the access of your site just after the keyword based search. You should keep this in your mind while registering the domain name for you website as this is a very crucial fact in order to increase the traffic to your site.
A unique name is also helpful as people can memorize it very easily. Even the name should be so attractive that people can type it whenever they want to have access over the website. Even a catchy name has en extra facility even while the URL is already book marked. Always keep in mind to choose very short and sweet kind of a domain name. This is just because people can memorize them very easily and moreover, they are also very easy and quick to type. It is a very basic characteristic that people do no prefer to type a long domain name altogether. It is preferable that the domain name must reflect the content of your website. This is just because people can have an idea about your website from the very outside. You need to be very choosy while selecting the words in the domain name for your website. It is also important to select such words that are not common and not so general otherwise you may loose the chance of getting brand of yourself. As far as the blogs for businesses are concerned it is extremely important for having a unique name with very selective words as well.

With the domain address a more concise (I register a free domain provider), the blog address firstly read http://yourdomanname.blogspot.com now sounds www.yourdomainnamne.co.cc. In addition to more easily remembered, of course, the web address of this sound more professional and easy to make note

To make the address easy to remember the domain that professional and sound like this, there are three (3) things that you must prepare beforehand:

1. A domain name (of course)

2.Blog that youve registered before

3.DNS server (provided for free by every DNS)

1. Domain name
The domain name is your identity in the virtual world, such as room in the house. Imagine you live in an apartment, you will type the name to the front door of the house / your apartment. If not, this certainly will be very difficult for anyone to visit to your home. So, the first step that you need to do is get a domain name (your identity).

If you type the word “free domain names” on Google search site, then you will be caught the search results display provider address that provide free domain name, such as. Tk, Biz. ly, Uni.cc, Co.cc. But before you register a domain name that is provided, you should be aware that they only provide the service re-direction. Using the analogy apartment before, the service url re-direction as your friends will visit your home through your neighbor’s house. As your neighbors of already known by people who are on the home (read: neighbors). They show your guests to your actual house. But as the popular, you will be visited by people from the many ways. Visiting your neighbor’s house will not make you be more famous neighbors.

Another word, if you use the url re-direction service, your site will not be recognized by search engines (like, google).

So, before you register a domain for free make sure they provide DNS service. There are only 2 domains, which provide service providers DNS service is, namely: uni.cc and co.cc. From both providers, I prefer choose co.cc, in addition to simple and easy to remember, this will seem more professional domain, such as paying. Your domain name will sound www.mydomainame.co.cc.

To register a domain name is not too difficult to create and brow wrinkled. You will only be prompted for the list of fields provided, and provide your email address (for further confirmation).

2. Blog

This is the most important aspects of the three things above. Blog for your virtual home, while the domain name as the name board. Blog or site can be located in the free hosting (such as renting an apartment) or paid hosting (such as buying a house / apartment).

In this tutorial we will use the blog as the home where the board will need a unique name at the door, in case I use blogger.com for my blog. So all the blogs hosted here will named http://windeeyohara.blogspot.com. In other words, the address of your blog is a sub-domain of blogspot.com site.

Settings on blogspot are not too complicated. Once you have a blog to register, and you login, you will be entered into the blog dashboard. In this dashboard, click ‘Settings’. and a new page will show ….

Posted on the new link, click on ‘Publishing’, then ‘Custom domain’.

Because we use domain for free, pay attention for the others things. You can click on the link, Already own a domain? Switch to advanced settings.

After the new page opens, you will see a field titled ‘Your Domain’. Enter a domain name that you register in the previous co.cc. Do not forget to type the www in the address domain. Then click ‘Save settings’

Well, now you can be already placed the board in the name of your front door home.

Server

3. DNS

Next … Once you have a blog (the house) and personal domain name (name of board), you now need a DNS server. The analogy, if you placed the nameplate on the door ate four floors, how to keep people who are live in four floors knows your address. It’s easy; you certainly have to put a list of board home name owners on the ground floor. This will be done by the DNS server. For that you can visit the each DNS site.

Once you register, login to your account. Next in the left column you’ll see a section titled ‘Add new domain’. Enter a domain name that already registered in earlier co.cc into the fields that are available, and click the ‘basic’.

After that will appear a new column with the title ‘Primary Domains’, click on your domain.

After new page open, you will found a new section named current records. See to section add recode, and fill the box with this:

Fully qualified domain name: www

Record type: CNAME

Record value: ghs.google.com (this is for blog at blogger).

After all done, klik add record

With this, you just have one step again to setup your private domain, the next step is, login back to your account at co.cc, klik my domain and next klik edit at please setup button. You will have two choice, mange DNS and URL forwarding records, choose manage DNS, next click link [add more server name] twice and fill the next box that shows

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In todays internet scenario, every person wants to have his own web site. And when it comes to making a website, the first question that pops up in mind is what name one should give to the website. It is common tendency that the name should be short, simple and easy to remember. The site name or address is called a domain name. There are plenty of internet service providers out there who offer free domain services to its customers. You may be wondering how one can offer free domain names? But it is true. Some web companies do offer free domain name services for the promotion of their companies. The catch behind this is that they place a small add at the bottom of your site that has been hosted on the domain name service of theirs, to earn revenue.

There are subscription charges if you want to register for a free domain name on any web service provider on the internet. However, the subscription is one time only. That means, you only have to register once and you will get a domain for the rest of your life. The domain name is very different from domain hosting. Domain hosting is another thing. It is simply providing you a space on the internet where your website will be kept and fetched from, when a user requests it. The domain name is the URL address that a user types in his browser to reach to your site. The name servers resolve the free domain and then connect the request to the web hosting. The domain name you are looking for should be catchy enough for your users and easy to remember. No one remembers a long and meaningless domain name. So, the first and the foremost thing are to think of a small, simple and catchy domain name for you. The next thing includes researching and reading reviews of various domain providers on the internet. You should always do extensive research on how their services are, how their customer support is and what all kinds of services are included under the free domain name scheme of theirs.

There are many more ways by which you can get a good domain name for yourself. The first one is searching for a provider from the internet, registering for it and getting a free domain. The next best thing which you can do is to buy from an affiliate program of various domain service providers. Affiliates work on per commission basis. The last best thing that comes into consideration is to take a free domain name from a close friend or family member who is into the web design business. Normally, when a person takes a premium domain hosting plan from a company, he gets many free domains to give away as a company advertising policy. This leads to the free advertising of the parent company and services.